He was also extremely frail, suffering from chronic digestive issues and impotence, which resulted in the failure to produce an heir. Studies suggest that Charles II had an inbreeding coefficient of approximately 0.
The Devastating Habsburg Legacy of Extreme Inbreeding
This extreme inbreeding explains his multifaceted health deterioration and highlights the biological limits of dynastic politics. His reign serves as a pivotal case study in population genetics, illustrating how royal convenience can lead to dynastic collapse.
While other Habsburg rulers, such as Philip IV, also engaged in inbreeding, the concentration of recessive alleles reached its peak with Charles II. His oversized tongue and frequent drooling were other notable characteristics documented in contemporary accounts, all symptoms pointing to a deeply compromised genetic pool.
The Peak of Habsburg Inbreeding: Charles II’s Legacy
254, equivalent to the offspring of a parent and child or a full sibling union. The cumulative effect of these unions concentrated recessive genetic traits, transforming what was once a calculated political strategy into a hereditary curse that manifested in the final generation of Spanish Habsburgs.
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