This places the island entirely within the tropical zone, resulting in a consistently hot and humid climate year-round. Ports along this eastern edge, such as Dumai, thrive on the export of palm oil and crude oil, commodities that originate from the island’s fertile interior.
Sumatra Island Urban Centers and Population Distribution Across the Province
Administrative Divisions and Regional Context Sumatra is not a homogeneous block but is divided into ten provinces, each with its own capital city. The Indian Ocean’s deep trenches lie just offshore, creating a dramatic seascape that is both beautiful and perilous.
Borders with Other Indonesian Islands The location of Sumatra is defined not only by oceans but also by its neighbors. The Eastern Borders: Java and the South China Sea Proximity to Java To the southeast, the location of Sumatra is measured by the narrow Sunda Strait, which separates it from the island of Java.
Sumatra Island Urban Centers and Population Distribution Across the Province Map
The capital of Indonesia, Jakarta, sits on the Java side of this strait, meaning that Sumatra lies just a short boat ride away from the heart of the nation’s political and economic activity. Sumatra is the sixth largest island on Earth and the westernmost major island of the Indonesian archipelago.
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