Conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, and malignancy impair immune function and tissue perfusion. Furthermore, underlying health conditions significantly modify the shock etiology.
Physiological Pathways Driving Shock Etiology and Development
The etiology is not singular; rather, it is a spectrum of events starting with pathogen invasion and ending with cardiovascular collapse. This specific subset is characterized by persistent hypotension requiring vasopressors to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 65 mmHg or greater and having a serum lactate level greater than 2 mmol/L despite adequate volume resuscitation.
Defining the Pathogenic Cascade The septic shock etiology is rooted in a complex interplay between the infecting microbe and the human immune system. Initially, a pro-inflammatory cascade is launched to combat the pathogen.
Physiological Pathways Driving Shock Etiology and Development
Unlike localized infections, sepsis involves a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that can cause more harm than the infection itself. " This results in massive vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and myocardial depression.
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