The formation of the first Lutheran liturgy, the Formula missae, in 1523. His initial intent was to defend the doctrine of justification by faith alone, a core tenet that would define the Lutheran identity from its inception.
Lutheran Church 1521 Papal Challenge and the Birth of a Reformation Movement
Theological clarity solidified the Lutheran identity beyond mere political separation. Luther, a professor of biblical theology, viewed this as a distortion of the Gospel.
Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg on October 31, 1517, marking the effective founding of the Lutheran movement. Luther refused at the Diet of Worms, declaring that his conscience was captive to the Word of God, which effectively made him an outlaw and cemented the division.
Lutheran Church 1521 Papal Challenge and the Reformation's Turning Point
This top-down implementation is distinct from the grassroots origins of the early Reformation and is often cited as the practical establishment of the church as an institution. The Book of Concord, published in 1580, served as the definitive collection of Lutheran confessions.
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