The Main Sequence: Our Sun's Prime Currently, the sun is in a stable phase known as the main sequence, where it fuses hydrogen into helium in its core. The nebula disperses the elements necessary for future star and planet formation, continuing the cosmic cycle of life.
Sun Expansion Inevitable: Earth's Fate During the Red Giant Phase
The remaining core, composed primarily of carbon and oxygen, will collapse under gravity but will be prevented from becoming a neutron star or black hole due to its low mass. The Red Giant Phase In about 5 to 7 billion years, the sun will exhaust the hydrogen in its core and begin fusing hydrogen in a shell surrounding the core.
Helium Accumulation and Core Contraction As the hydrogen in the core depletes, the fusion rate slows down because there is less fuel available. This contraction causes the core to heat up significantly, while the outer layers of the sun start to expand.
Sun Expansion Inevitable: Earth's Fate During the Red Giant Phase
During this stage, the sun will remain on the main sequence by burning hydrogen in a shell around the inert helium core, but the changes in its internal structure set the stage for a dramatic transformation. Instead, it will stabilize as a dense, hot remnant known as a white dwarf.
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