A viable cure may involve a two-step process: first, using "shock and kill" or gene editing to flush the virus from reservoirs, and second, using immunotherapy or a stem cell transplant to keep it at bay. Gene editing tools like CRISPR-Cas9 are being refined to cut out HIV DNA from the genome.
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While this "Berlin Method" is not scalable due to its high risk and complexity, it provided definitive proof that a cure is possible. Current antiretrovirals cannot penetrate these reservoirs, allowing the virus to remain silent.
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs) One of the most exciting developments involves broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). Recent trials have shown that bNAbs can effectively suppress the virus for months, sometimes longer than oral ART.
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For the millions living with HIV today, this research offers more than just a scientific milestone; it promises a future free from the burden of daily medication and the stigma associated with the condition. The Berlin and London Patients: Lessons Learned The only two individuals considered functionally cured of HIV—the Berlin and London Patients—achieved this status through stem cell transplants to treat cancer.
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