Age Considerations: The Very Young and the Elderly Children under the age of five have underdeveloped immune systems, making them more vulnerable to severe forms of tuberculosis. People in these settings often lack the resources to seek timely medical attention, allowing the disease to progress unchecked.
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However, not every exposure leads to infection; the strength of the immune system plays a pivotal role in containing the bacteria. The bacteria are expelled into the air in tiny droplets when the infected individual talks, coughs, or sings.
Facilities that house undiagnosed or multi-drug resistant cases further elevate the danger for those in close proximity. While often perceived as a disease of the past, TB continues to affect millions annually, particularly among vulnerable populations.
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Overcrowded and Poorly Ventilated Living Conditions Overcrowding in prisons, homeless shelters, and refugee camps creates an ideal environment for tuberculosis to spread. The bacteria responsible, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, but not everyone exposed becomes ill.
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