Activation of the sympathetic nervous system increases cardiac output. Compensatory Mechanisms Leading to Hypertension As sepsis progresses and blood pressure drops, the body activates powerful neurohormonal systems in a desperate attempt to maintain perfusion to vital organs.
Sepsis Cardiovascular Damage and the Path to Hypertension
Vasoconstriction in non-essential vascular beds raises peripheral resistance. While this vasodilation is a primary driver of the profound hypotension seen in septic shock, the body's stress response and compensatory mechanisms can lead to significant blood pressure fluctuations that manifest as hypertension in specific contexts.
This massive release of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukins, causes blood vessels to dilate excessively and become more permeable. While vasopressor medications are standard for treating hypotensive shock, managing hypertension in sepsis focuses on addressing the root cause.
How Sepsis Triggers Cardiovascular Damage and Hypertension
This results in an increased heart rate and force of contraction, along with widespread vasoconstriction, which can elevate systemic vascular resistance and systolic blood pressure significantly. Episodes of severe sepsis and septic shock can cause lasting damage to the cardiovascular system, including endothelial injury and autonomic nervous system dysregulation.
More About Can sepsis cause hypertension
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