As the capital, Saigon, descended into chaos, the United States executed Operation Frequent Wind, evacuating American citizens and select South Vietnamese officials by helicopter. The offensive ultimately failed to topple the government, but it drained North Vietnamese resources and led to the Paris Peace Accords in 1973.
How North Vietnam Secured Victory in 1975
The South Vietnamese army, demoralized and lacking the supplies needed to mount a coherent defense, collapsed with astonishing speed. The Fall of Saigon By early 1975, the North Vietnamese were ready to exploit the weakened state of their enemy.
Recognizing the unsustainable nature of direct US combat involvement, President Richard Nixon initiated the policy of "Vietnamization" in the early 1970s. To understand what happened to South Vietnam, one must look beyond the final images of helicopters evacuating from embassy rooftops in April 1975.
How North Vietnam Secured Victory in 1975
Backed by the United States and anti-communist allies, Ngo Dinh Diem became the first president of the new Republic of Vietnam. Facing domestic political pressure and a desire to end decades of conflict, the US Congress severely curtailed military aid to South Vietnam in the mid-1970s.
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