If this sensor is obstructed by dust, debris, or even a protective case, macOS may incorrectly interpret the environment as being bright, thus preventing the backlight from engaging. Ensure "Enable Power Nap" is disabled if it conflicts with background processes.
Common Causes and Fixes for MacBook Keyboard Backlight Not Working
Furthermore, the backlight is not designed to be permanently on; it activates only when keys are pressed or when specific conditions are met, which can lead to confusion if one is unaware of the operational logic. A corrupted preference file or a conflict within the macOS kernel can disrupt the communication between the keyboard and the logic board.
Decoding the Keyboard Backlight Logic Apple designed the MacBook keyboard backlight to activate based on environmental conditions and user behavior. Use macOS Recovery to reinstall the system without erasing user data.
Common Causes and Fixes for MacBook Keyboard Backlight Not Working
Additionally, newer MacBook Pro models offer granular control, allowing users to adjust brightness levels using the F5 and F6 keys. Review the "Turn display off after" slider and increase the time duration.
More About Why does my macbook keyboard not light up
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