Dynasty Start Year End Year Duration Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty 1271 1368 97 years Challenges and Administration Maintaining control over such a vast and ancient civilization was never going to be easy. The end is marked by the collapse of the Yuan and the ascent of the Ming Dynasty in 1368.
The End of Mongol Rule: Yuan Dynasty Falls and the Ming Dynasty Begins
Key administrative posts were often reserved for foreigners, particularly Muslims and Nestorian Christians, to ensure loyalty to the Great Khan rather than to local factions. The question of how long did the Mongols rule China is central to understanding a pivotal transformation in Eurasian history, moving beyond simple dates to examine a complex era of conquest, adaptation, and legacy.
This was the direct answer to the question of rule, as the Mongols moved from being occupiers to being the reigning emperors of China, a status they would maintain for nearly a century. The process of conquest was gradual, involving decades of warfare against the Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty in the north and the sophisticated Song Dynasty in the south.
The End of Mongol Rule: Yuan Dynasty Falls and the Ming Dynasty Rises
This places the period of direct Mongol imperial rule at approximately **97 years**, or just under a century. The name "Yuan" was chosen to evoke the classical past, signaling a new era of unity.
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