To test the medial collateral ligament, a valgus force is applied by pushing the tibia outward while stabilizing the thigh. The patient should ideally be supine on the examination table with the knee fully extended for the initial assessment of ligamentous laxity.
Varus Valgus Test Treatment Plan: Effective Strategies for Knee Stability
To test the lateral collateral ligament, a varus force is applied by pushing the tibia inward. By applying a specific valgus or varus stress to the tibia while the knee is positioned at both 0 and 30 degrees of flexion, practitioners can quantify the degree of gapping or opening on the opposite side of the joint, thereby identifying subtle injuries that may not be apparent on standard imaging.
Additionally, the test is indicated in patients reporting persistent medial or lateral knee pain, instability, or a sensation of the knee "giving way" during rotational activities. For instance, an injury causing valgus stress often results from a blow to the lateral aspect of the knee, stressing the medial structures.
Varus Valgus Test Treatment Plan: Effective Strategies for Knee Stability
Patient Positioning and Examination Technique Proper execution of the varus valgus test knee relies heavily on correct patient positioning and examiner technique. A varus deformity, often colloquially described as bow-legged, occurs when the distal aspect of the limb angles inward, causing the knees to point toward each other while the ankles remain apart.
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