As it grows, it can develop a distinct structure with a dark umbra and a lighter penumbra. This layer has a temperature of approximately 5,500 degrees Celsius at its base, cooling as it extends outward.
Sunspots Occur In Which Layer
Feature Temperature (°C) Description Photosphere Average ~5,500 The Sun's visible surface, emitting white light. Sunspots are among the most visually striking features on the solar surface, appearing as dark blemishes that traverse the bright disk of the Sun.
Sunspot Penumbra ~4,000 - 4,500 The lighter, surrounding region of the sunspot. It is the opaque layer that prevents us from seeing deeper into the solar interior.
Sunspots Occur In Which Layer
Comparing Temperatures and Brightness The temperature of the photosphere averages around 5,500°C, but the central region of a sunspot, known as the umbra, is significantly cooler, dropping to about 3,500°C to 4,000°C. Sunspots are fundamentally associated with the photosphere, which is the specific layer we perceive as the Sun's visible surface.
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