If you are starting a new installation, you should rely on the nominal size printed on the pipe or specified in the plumbing code for your area. Understanding the distinction between Inside Diameter and Outside Diameter, and how nominal pipe size (NPS) works, is essential for avoiding costly mistakes and ensuring a proper fit.
How PVC Pipe Wall Thickness Affects Inside Diameter Measurement
ID stands for Inside Diameter, which is the measurement of the hollow core inside the pipe. To determine the OD, measure the total outer diameter.
Why Nominal Size Confuses DIY Enthusiasts The confusion usually arises when a DIYer measures a pipe with a tape measure and finds that a "1-inch" pipe does not measure one inch inside. A Schedule 40 pipe, which is the most common for residential water lines, has a different wall thickness than a Schedule 80 pipe designed for heavier industrial use.
How PVC Pipe Wall Thickness Affects Inside Diameter Measurement
To determine the effective ID, you should measure the inner diameter of the pipe using calipers or a tape measure. Today, looking at a pipe labeled "1-inch PVC," the actual inside diameter is typically around 1.
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