Within the comparative analysis of genomes across different species, two terms consistently emerge to describe the relationships between genes: ortholog and paralog. A human gene and a mouse gene that align closely on a phylogenetic tree are orthologs, suggesting a shared function relevant for human disease modeling.
Ortholog Paralog Functional Divergence Analysis
Key Characteristics of Paralogs Found within the same species. Defining Evolutionary Relationships The classification of genes as orthologs or paralogs hinges entirely on the speciation and duplication events that shape genomes over millions of years.
The duplicated gene can then accumulate mutations, potentially leading to a new function (neofunctionalization) or a partitioning of the original function (subfunctionalization). Generally retain the same biochemical function.
Ortholog Paralog Functional Divergence Analysis
Functional and Structural Implications The structural divergence between orthologs and paralogs reflects their different evolutionary pressures. Often have related but distinct functions.
More About Ortholog vs paralog
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