Trade routes, once secured by the Mughal military, became vulnerable to banditry and the influence of emerging European powers. The emergence of Nader Shah, the ambitious ruler of Persia, provided a catastrophic external shock.
Mughal Empire Fall Military Weakness Exposed: How Internal Decay and Regional Revolt Accelerated the Collapse
The Nawabs of Bengal, the rulers of the Deccan Sultanates, and various Rajput kingdoms began to assert their independence, no longer feeling compelled to adhere to Mughal suzerainty. The most significant of these was the Maratha Confederacy, a formidable political and military entity that emerged from the western Deccan.
Under the leadership of shrewd rulers like Shivaji and his successors, the Marathas expanded their territory at the direct expense of Mughal authority, challenging the empire's dominance in a series of costly and inconclusive wars. The intricate system of governance, which relied on a balance of centralized authority and regional autonomy, began to fracture under weaker successors.
Mughal Empire Fall Military Weakness Exposed: How Regional Powers and External Threats Accelerated the Decline
The weakening of imperial control also emboldened other regional players. However, the century following the death of the formidable Aurangzeb in 1707 marked a rapid and often violent unraveling of centralized power.
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