The Byzantine-Arab Wars, a subset of the larger Roman-Persian conflict, persisted for centuries as the Eastern Roman Empire battled the expanding Caliphate for control of the Mediterranean. The conflict effectively began with the Parthian Wars of Emperor Trajan around 115 AD and did not conclude until the Muslim Arab conquests overwhelmed the Sassanian Empire in the 630s, a timespan of approximately 717 years.
Roman-Persian Wars: The Enduring Conflict Between Empires
Yet the title of the longest war in recorded history belongs to a conflict defined less by constant battle and more by a state of unresolved hostility spanning generations. The Roman-Persian Wars, fought intermittently between the Roman Empire (and later the Byzantine Empire) and the successive Parthian and Sassanian Empires, represent a unique phenomenon in military history.
Parthian & Sassanian Empires Byzantine-Arab Wars ~400 years (7th – 11th century) Byzantine Empire vs. This is the story of the Roman-Persian Wars, a titanic struggle that stretched across the ancient world for over seven centuries, shaping the fate of empires and the course of civilization itself.
Roman-Persian Wars: The Longest Conflict in History
Closer to the modern era, the intermittent conflict between the Kingdom of Bhutan and the Tibetan Empire, sometimes referred to as the Tibetan-Bhutanese war, is noted for lasting roughly 300 years, from the 17th to the 19th century. Conflict Approximate Duration Primary Combatants Roman-Persian Wars ~698 years (115 AD – 630 AD) Roman/Byzantine Empire vs.
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