Duration and Structure of Rule Calculating the precise duration of Mongol rule requires defining the start and end points. This policy, while effective in the short term, sowed the seeds of discontent that would eventually lead to the dynasty's downfall.
How Long Did Kublai Khan and the Mongols Rule China in Yuan Dynasty
It was Genghis's grandson, Kublai Khan, who would finally achieve what his grandfather had envisioned: the complete subjugation of China and the establishment of a new imperial dynasty. The process of conquest was gradual, involving decades of warfare against the Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty in the north and the sophisticated Song Dynasty in the south.
His successors, following his doctrine of *yassa*, expanded westward into Persia and eastward into China. Key administrative posts were often reserved for foreigners, particularly Muslims and Nestorian Christians, to ensure loyalty to the Great Khan rather than to local factions.
How Long Did Kublai Khan and the Mongols Rule China in Yuan Dynasty
To manage this, the Yuan court implemented a rigid social hierarchy that placed Mongols at the top, followed by Central Asians, northern Chinese, and southern Chinese at the bottom. The capital was established at Dadu, modern-day Beijing, solidifying the steppe nomad's presence within the agricultural heartland.
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