A fervent nationalist and revolutionary, he founded the secret society "Young Italy" in 1831, dedicated to establishing a unified Italian republic. Garibaldi’s revolutionary zeal and connection with the common people filled the power vacuum and accelerated the integration of southern Italy.
Key Figures Behind Italian Unification
As the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, Cavour acted as the primary architect of the new Italian state. Giuseppe Garibaldi: The People’s General The popular uprising that truly cemented the unification process was led by Giuseppe Garibaldi, a charismatic military figure known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds.
The Pre-Unification Landscape Before the 19th century, the Italian peninsula was a collection of independent states, city-states, and territories controlled by external powers. Italian troops entered Rome in September 1870, ending the Papal States' temporal power and declaring it the capital shortly thereafter.
Key Figures Driving the Unification of Italy
Victor Emmanuel II, the king of Sardinia, became the first King of Italy in 1861 following the annexation of the southern territories. The region was dotted with kingdoms like the Two Sicilies, the Papal States, and the Kingdom of Sardinia, while powerful city-states like Venice and Milan had long histories of their own governance.
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