Legacy and Transition The colony's trajectory shifted dramatically with the introduction of tobacco as a cash crop by John Rolfe. The settlers selected a narrow peninsula along the James River primarily for defensive purposes.
Jamestown Colony Virginia History Guide
Key Fact Detail Founded May 14, 1607 Colony Virginia (British) Location James River, Virginia Peninsula. The Virginia Company of London, a joint-stock company, funded the expedition with the primary goals of finding gold, establishing trade, and spreading Christianity to the indigenous Powhatan people.
This colony was chartered by King James I and was the first successful, permanent English settlement in the New World. This settlement, located on the banks of the James River in what is now Virginia, served as the capital of the Colony of Virginia for 83 years, from 1607 until 1699.
Jamestown Colony Virginia History Guide
The labor-intensive nature of tobacco farming created a demand for workers, which ultimately led to the establishment of the transatlantic slave trade to replace indentured servants. When historians answer "which colony was Jamestown," they are describing the foundational experiment that led to the formation of the United States.
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