He is the Supreme Leader, maintaining the title of Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and the State Affairs Commission. During his rule, which lasted from 1994 until his death in 2011, the nation faced significant economic hardship following the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Historical Leader Before Current Regime: Kim Jong-il
This sudden shift required a rapid consolidation of authority to solidify his position within the military and political elite. Kim Il-sung is revered as the Eternal President even after his death in 1994.
The transition from his father, Kim Jong-il, to his grandfather, Kim Il-sung, forms the foundational narrative of the nation's governance. The Immediate Predecessor: Kim Jong-il Kim Jong-il served as the direct leader of North Korea immediately before his son, Kim Jong-un, assuming absolute control.
Historical Leader Before Current Regime: Kim Jong-il
He continued the policy of self-reliance, or "Juche," which emphasized national independence and sovereignty, often at the expense of economic development. Kim Jong-il's leadership was characterized by the "Songun" policy, which prioritized the military above all other sectors of society, shaping the nation's aggressive posturing.
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