Municipal authorities have implemented aggressive measures to clear streets of beggars and vagrants, particularly in central business districts and tourist areas. This includes people lacking a stable residence, those living in substandard temporary accommodations, and families facing imminent eviction.
China Homelessness Nuanced: Beyond the Hukou System and Hidden Precarity
This decades-old structure ties an individual's access to public services, including education, healthcare, and social welfare, to their designated birthplace or legal residence. This data gap makes it difficult for researchers and policymakers to design effective interventions, leaving the true scale of the issue largely unknown.
A deeper look reveals a complex ecosystem of housing insecurity, hidden precarity, and state intervention that challenges conventional definitions of homelessness. Many forms of homelessness, particularly hidden homelessness and precarious housing, are deliberately obscured by individuals and families out of shame or the fear of losing access to crucial services.
The Nuanced Reality of China Homelessness Beyond the Surface
The Role of the Hukou System The household registration (hukou) system is the bedrock of understanding homelessness in China. Consequently, the visible population of street homeless is often concentrated in peripheral zones or smaller cities, creating an illusion of absence in the most prominent metropolises.
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