Serious complications are rare but can include lymph node swelling or, in very few instances, a disseminated infection. For individuals traveling to or living in high-risk areas who were not vaccinated as infants, the vaccine can be administered later in childhood or adulthood.
The Evolution and Historical Development of the BCG Vaccine Over Centuries
When administered, typically shortly after birth, it stimulates the immune system to develop a defense mechanism against future infections. Travelers should verify the specific entry requirements for their destination well in advance of their trip to allow time for vaccination and certification.
Pregnant women are usually also excluded from vaccination. What is the BCG Vaccine and How Does it Work? The BCG vaccine is derived from a weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis, a bacterium closely related to the human tuberculosis pathogen.
The Centuries-Long Development of the BCG Vaccine
The vaccine is a live, attenuated preparation, meaning the bacteria are alive but significantly weakened. In countries like the United Kingdom and parts of Asia, it is routinely given to infants due to higher TB incidence.
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