You can replace the stock AMD FirePro D300 or D500 cards with modern NVIDIA GeForce RTX or Quadro RTX cards. If your work frequently pushes against this limit, the 2013 model may simply be insufficient, and migration to a newer Mac Studio or Mac Pro is the only viable long-term solution.
2013 Mac Pro GPU Power Upgrade Warning and Key Considerations
2 NVMe SSDs using an adapter. The only user-upgradable components are the storage drives and the AMD FirePro graphics card.
For the majority of users, the most practical 2013 mac pro upgrades involve storage. To achieve this, you must replace the existing sticks with 16GB modules, resulting in a total of 64GB.
2013 Mac Pro GPU Power Upgrade Warning: What You Must Know
Maximizing Available Expansion Slots The tower houses six full-length, half-height PCI Express slots, which were originally occupied by three dual-slot graphics cards. While 64GB is substantial for many tasks, it is the absolute ceiling for this hardware.
More About 2013 Mac pro upgrades
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